A historic wine estate near Stellenbosch is turning to cattle, sheep and ducks to improve the quality of its vineyards. Hartenberg Wine Estate says it has become the first in South Africa to earn international certification for regenerative farming, practices that boost soil health and biodiversity.

Stellenbosch

The Hardenberg Wine Estate near Stellenbosch, South Africa, has introduced cattle, sheep, and ducks into its vineyards to improve soil health and biodiversity. This regenerative farming approach reduces the need for external inputs and uses animal dung to fertilize the soil, which has led to better plant and fruit health.

A three-year research project by Stellenbosch University is studying the impact of livestock in vineyards. Early findings indicate that grapes from livestock-grazed areas are smaller, which typically results in higher quality wine. Wines produced from these areas have shown lower alcohol content, higher anthocyanins and tannins, and greater structure and finesse, suggesting a positive effect on wine quality.

South African vineyard making better wine thanks to cattle, ducks

Herding cattle to make better wine. This is the goal of winemakers at Hardenberg Wine Estate near Stellenbosch in South Africa. The historic estate has recently decided to let cattle, sheep and ducks roam free in its vineyards to improve its soil health. We are actually regenerating our soil by using less input from outside. And using nature as a tool to get the most out of, the most benefits out of that, but in that same way with nature, then improve our soil biology, our soil health, our plant health and in the end the health of the fruit. The animal's dung fertilises the ground, which leads to better soil quality and more biodiversity. And in turn, better wine. So with the study that we saw from last year that we did on the Shiraz block is that the control berries were larger than that of the grazed berries. So normally that will lead to higher quality wines with the smaller berries. The practice is called regenerative farming. As the impact of using livestock on a vineyard is little studied, Hardenberg Wine Estate has become the object of a three-year-long research project by Stellenbosch University. So we had a very interesting trial with comparing a regenerative vineyard with a regenerative vineyard with livestock in it. And what we found that the vineyard with livestock had a much lower alcohol, and when I say much it's almost 0.5% alcohol lower. And that in a sensory or perception of the wine point of view we found was showing much more elegant. We had a wine that had higher anthocyanins and tannins, so there was more structure to the wine but at the same time there was finesse. With positive results for the quality of the wine, the cattle at the estate will likely continue grazing their way through the vineyard.

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