Nine-month-old baby Mohamat died of Malaria at the closest health center in northern Cameroon. His death was part of a spike this year in malaria fatalities that local health officials attribute to foreign aid cuts by the United States.

Bongo

A sharp reduction in U.S. foreign aid has impacted malaria control efforts in northern Cameroon, resulting in drug shortages and fewer community health workers. Local health officials attribute a recent spike in malaria deaths, including that of a nine-month-old child, to these funding cuts. The U.S. President's Malaria Initiative (PMI), which previously played a major role in supporting malaria response in the region, saw its operations disrupted after U.S. foreign aid was paused. Although a limited waiver allowed some malaria work to continue, major gaps remain, with organizations on the ground and the World Health Organization reporting ongoing challenges. The U.S. government has stated it will maintain funding for essential malaria commodities in the near future, but has not disclosed its current annual budget.

How U.S. aid cuts hamper malaria efforts in Cameroon

Alhaji Madugani visits his son Mohamed's grave in northern Cameroon. Just nine months old, his death was part of a spike this year in malaria fatalities that local health officials attribute to foreign aid cuts by the United States. Before the cuts, Mohamed might have been diagnosed by a U.S.-funded community health worker or treated at a health facility with injectable artesunate, a life-saving drug for severe malaria paid for by U.S. funds. But that drug is now in short supply, and when Mohamed arrived after burning with fever for three days, the health center had none to give out. He died that day. I don't want anyone else to ever catch malaria, Mohamed's father Ghani says. Reuters traveled to northern Cameroon to document how the sudden aid cuts are contributing to delayed malaria diagnoses, inadequate treatment and a growing number of deaths. This story is based on interviews with more than 20 doctors, nurses, community health workers, residents and former U.S. officials involved in malaria programming. For nearly a decade, the U.S. played a leading role in northern Cameroon's malaria response. But upon taking office in January, U.S. President Donald Trump paused all foreign aid, including the President's Malaria Initiative, or PMI. Launched in 2005, PMI is credited with helping save over 11 million lives and prevent over two billion malaria cases. It made Cameroon a focus country in 2017, and recorded malaria deaths in the far north dropped from a little over 1,500 in 2020 to about 650 in 2024. A limited waiver issued in February allowed lifesaving work on malaria to continue. But PMI's 30 partner countries, most of them in Africa, have reported major disruptions linked to the closing of the U.S. Agency for International Development. PMI once funded half of all community health workers in Cameroon's far north, says Jean-Pierre Kidwong, the coordinator of the Far North Technical Group for Malaria Control. Kidwong says available trends indicate malaria deaths are rising sharply, though official data has not yet been released. The effects of the cuts have been felt in a number of African countries. Anne Lin, a former senior community health advisor for PMI, told Reuters that, before January, PMI supported 115,000 community health workers across 30 countries. That all disappeared, she said, although it's unclear how much funding has since resumed. Trump has said the U.S. pays disproportionately for foreign aid and wants others to pay more. Between 2010 and 2023, the U.S. contributed an average of 37 percent of malaria program funding, the World Health Organization, or WHO, says. The U.S. canceled more than 80 percent of aid contracts this year, but said life-saving work, including for malaria, would continue. But organizations on the ground and the WHO have said critical gaps in the malaria response remains. A State Department spokesperson said in the future it would provide support to fight malaria through bilateral agreements with partner countries and committed to maintaining 100 percent of current U.S. funding for commodities, such as nets, drugs and frontline health workers in fiscal year 2026, before asking governments to co-invest. They declined to give their current annual budget.

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