CNBC's Elaine Yu gives a preview of the upcoming Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit. Leaders of 22 countries are expected to visit China for the summit. The spotlight will be on Russian President Vladimir Putin and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, as Chinese President Xi Jinping hosts them in Tianjin.

Tianjin

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is holding its largest summit since its founding, with leaders from more than 20 countries, including India, China, and Russia, in attendance. This marks Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's first visit to China in seven years, and the summit comes at a time of heightened trade tensions involving the US, India, China, and Southeast Asia.

While substantial agreements are not expected, analysts suggest the summit is significant for its optics, showcasing unity among Asian and global south nations, and Russia, in contrast to the US-led order. Russia is seeking trilateral talks with China and India, both major buyers of Russian oil. The summit also faces challenges, such as internal frictions between India and Pakistan, with a notable meeting anticipated between Chinese President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Modi.

India, China, Russia to huddle at the SCO summit: What's at stake?

This is the biggest SCO meeting since the group was founded in 2011, so leaders from more than 20 countries will be attending. You mentioned Putin and Modi, this is Modi's first visit to China in seven years, but also leaders from Belarus, Pakistan, Vietnam, Malaysia, Turkey, and Iran will be there as well. So this is a significant meeting at a time when Trump's trade war with India, China, Southeast Asia has created all these new dynamics, but rather than definite outcomes or substantial agreements, analysts say this gathering is more about optics, this show of solidarity in Asia across parts of the global south and with Russia as well against the US-led order. And if you bring in Russia, Moscow is also hoping for trilateral talks with China and India, and of course the two countries are the biggest buyers of Russian oil, which has made at least India for now a target of the US's increasing tariffs. But the SCO also faces limitations and challenges, for example internal frictions between India and Pakistan, but a key event we're watching is one on the sidelines, a meeting between Xi Jinping and Narendra Modi.

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