In India, rapists are more likely to attack women and girls from the Dalit community than other groups. DW correspondent Shalu Yadav met a victim who was raped by an upper-caste man when she was 10 years old.

New Delhi

Dalit women and girls in India continue to face targeted sexual violence from upper-caste men, as highlighted by the story of a 10-year-old survivor and her family who were forced to leave their village due to community pressure. Activists and legal volunteers report that only a fraction of such cases are reported, with intimidation and lack of awareness contributing to widespread under-reporting.

Human rights advocates emphasize that caste and gender discrimination intersect to create significant barriers for Dalit women seeking justice. Survivors often face threats, social ostracism, and a lack of support, leading to a pervasive sense of fear and resignation. Despite these challenges, some continue to fight for justice and awareness, though the path remains fraught with difficulties.

Indian Dalit women, girls targeted by upper-caste rapists

It was a cold evening, when a 10-year-old girl was on her way home after collecting firewood from the fields in her village. On a path like this one, a 26-year-old man grabbed her. He raped her so violently, she ended up in a hospital. Two years on, her memory of battling death is a blur. But flashbacks of the attack still haunt her. Too afraid to go out alone, she rarely leaves home apart from to go to school. It really bothers me to think about the shame this incident has brought upon our family. I have nightmares. I wonder why this happened to me. She may be too young to understand the reason, but her mother seethes in anger as she spells it out. The accused targeted my daughter because we are Dalits. He dared to do it because he's from the upper caste. We must stay in our place, as our status in the society is the lowest. He could have killed our daughter had we not heard of what was happening in time. The family had to leave their village. Pressure from the upper caste community, who defended the rapist and blamed the girl, became unbearable. Being a woman in India is hard. Being a Dalit woman is worse. The community is at the bottom of the rigid caste system that called them the untouchables. Upper caste men often use rape as a weapon of oppression against Dalit women. Protests are often held in the wake of rape cases. But there's hardly any outrage when the victim is a Dalit. Sana Bano is studying to be a lawyer and volunteers to help Dalit victims with legal advice. She says her work is dangerous. People from the upper caste call me and intimidate me. They remind me that I am a single woman and I should think about my safety. In some cases, they even follow us to intimidate us. Manjula is a human rights activist in Ahmedabad. She says the 10 rapes of Dalit women and girls that are reported each day is far from the full picture. And most don't have anyone to help. I think what is reported is just 25%. The 75% is still not reported. Under-reporting is a major issue and non-reporting itself. So only 25% cases are being reported. Because the Dalit women are not aware about their rights. And how will they go to the police station? Who is there to help them? Who tells them that when you are raped, you don't have to wash your private part and you don't have to throw away your clothes because those are your evidence? Manjula knows what she's talking about. She's a Dalit and a rape survivor. She says caste and gender work together against Dalit women. They live with that fear that if I assert my rights, I would be killed or I would be raped or I have to leave my village. And this is happening. It's happening across the country. She's only 12, but this rape survivor has already learned what it means to be a Dalit woman. I don't think it's possible to get justice, but we will try. Those who try never fail.

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