A human case of a potentially deadly mosquito-borne virus has been confirmed in Hamilton, Ont. It’s the first human case for 2025 and while experts say eastern equine encephalitis is rare, they say people should still take precautions.

Ontario

Health authorities in Ontario have confirmed a human case of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) in Hamilton. EEE is a rare but potentially fatal virus transmitted by mosquitoes, typically found in horses and rural areas, but capable of infecting humans. The virus has previously resulted in fatalities, including one in Ottawa last year, and experts note that infections are becoming more frequent.

There is currently no cure or vaccine for EEE in humans, and the virus is among the deadliest mosquito-borne brain infections, with a high mortality rate once it reaches the brain. Experts attribute the spread of EEE to climate change, which is causing mosquito populations to expand their range. Health officials advise the public to take preventive measures, such as wearing protective clothing and using insect repellent, especially while mosquito activity remains high.

First human case of eastern equine encephalitis confirmed

A rare but potentially deadly virus spread by a mosquito bite. There's a new case of eastern equine encephalitis virus in Hamilton, Ontario. While this is normally identified in horses and rural areas there is the possibility for spread to humans. The virus killed one person in Ottawa last year. Infections are becoming more frequent with a handful of cases in recent years according to experts. Symptoms can include fever, headache and seizures. Once the virus reaches the brain it kills about one in three people infected. There's no cure or vaccine available for humans. EEE is one of the deadliest mosquito-borne brain infections in the United States. On average it's reported to infect about 11 Americans each year. Now experts fear the disease is settling north of the border. This infection is still for the moment rare. But for all we know this single case in Hamilton may be the canary in the coal mine. I had never wanted to see EEE you know in humans and here we we have it. Climate change is to blame see experts with mosquito populations moving with a warming climate. We are getting so many range expansions of mosquitoes that we're just trying to play catch up all the time. Scientists are urging vigilance. We can't just say oh there's only one case we've dodged the bullet we're going to go into winter we don't have to worry about it again because mosquitoes and viruses and germs they're very resilient. And there are ways to protect yourself. To wear long light-coloured pants and sleeves. Wear deep containing bug sprays to manage any standing pools of water that they might have on their property. At least for this season until the weather gets colder and the mosquitoes die off. Jennifer Yoon, CBC News, Toronto.

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