Alfred Schipke, Director of the East Asian Institute at the National University of Singapore, discusses the trade relationship between EU and China, saying there are low expectations heading into the two trading partners' summit in Beijing.

Brussels

An expert has highlighted Europe's unexpected vulnerability in the global rare earth supply chain, noting that the region, particularly its car industry, is heavily reliant on imports from China. The situation arose as an unintended consequence of broader U.S.-China tensions, with Europe finding itself caught between the two superpowers. 

Efforts are underway within the EU to improve communication and develop strategies to reduce dependence on China, though the expert notes that such investments are highly capital intensive and global reliance on China is likely to persist for the foreseeable future. The EU continues to manage its relationships with both the U.S. and China, seeking to maximize its own benefits while negotiating for more secure supply arrangements.

Europe in the middle of U.S.-China rare earth dynamic: Expert

How realistic is the EU's calls for reliable and secure supplies of rare earth. And do you think they are underestimating somewhat Beijing's willingness to use this quasi quasi monopoly as a geopolitical tool. Thank you. I think the rare earth experience was a surprise for Europe. And I get the sense that that was a little bit of unintended consequences. The focus was of course on the United States. But Europe relies on rare earth especially the car industry. And it got it was in the fire line so to speak. I think by the time that was realized and articulated the damage was already done. So I think this agreement on communication number one and then potentially having a mechanism is critically important. I think that might be the biggest outcome of this summit where everybody walked into the summit. I think we have low expectations. Trust was at an all time low to have specific areas now where there is an understanding and potentially more communication going forward. So the Europe the impact on the EU when it comes to rare earth bed was an unintended consequence as you say. But the EU side also needs to somehow somehow come up with a good strategy to reduce its dependence on China eventually. Now well I think when it comes to issues such as rare earth as you know it is a highly capital intensive investment. I think for the foreseeable future you know Europe and by extension I think the world will continue to be dependent on it while of course at the same time there will be efforts to diversify. But the reliance I think ultimately will be there. I think what came out of this exercise when China basically required no licensing that the whole licensing process within China was extremely low. Actually the number of people working on these licenses it's a relatively small number. So part of that I think was truly unintended consequences as it relates to Europe. And obviously the EU. I mean excuse me the US. And it's a terror for on a number of countries is really the shadow looming over this summit that happened. Do you think there is a risk that the EU is sort of squeezed by the two superpowers and they are having to really decide which side to align better with the US and China. Obviously it is true that you know the negotiations of the EU with the United States you know was sort of like the white elephant in the room. But at the same time it is managing both sides in a way that maximizes the benefits for Europe on the one hand and of course for China on the other hand. It is not easy but I think it will be critical to pursue. And on that note you know with this triangular relationship or rivalry between China the EU and the US is there a particular party that's more vulnerable here or who might have the upper hand. Do you think. I think each side has you know they are their strength and weaknesses. Of course we have seen China in rare earth. That of course is a big asset to have in negotiations. Europe is a very very important partner for China. I think for China it is very important. And I think that has been articulated that it doesn't fall just in the US in the US camp so to speak. And of course Europe now is negotiating very hard to ensure it can get the best deal from Donald Trump.

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Glasgow

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Breakdown