On a small island off the coast of Chile, conservationists say a fragile population of pudus, the world's smallest deer, is rapidly shrinking due to car collisions and roaming dog attacks.

Chiloé Island

The pudu, recognized as the world's smallest deer, is experiencing a population decline on Chiloé Island in southern Chile. Conservationists and veterinarians report that car collisions and attacks by roaming dogs are the primary threats, with nearly 50 injured pudus arriving at local clinics annually and most succumbing to their injuries. 

With an estimated population of around 10,000 individuals, the pudu is currently classified as vulnerable, but experts warn that continued losses could soon lead to an endangered status. Pregnant females are particularly at risk, especially during winter and spring. Local groups are advocating for measures such as road signs, speed bumps, and legislation to control free-roaming dogs in rural areas to help protect the species.

Tiny deer, big trouble: Chile’s pudu face growing peril

Standing no taller than a house cat, the Pudu, the world's smallest deer, is inching closer to endangered status on Chile's southern Chiloé Island. It's threatened by a rising toll of car collisions and dog attacks, according to veterinarians and conservationists. Veterinarian Javiera Lopez from the Chiloé-Silvestre Wildlife Centre says nearly 50 Pudus arrive injured at the clinic every year, with most dying from their wounds. Unfortunately the population is declining, there are about 10,000 individuals, which is why they're classified as vulnerable. We estimate that if more Pudus keep arriving each year, it's only a matter of time before they're reclassified as endangered, and eventually critically endangered. Lopez says pregnant females are especially vulnerable. During winter and spring, pregnant females weigh more, making them easier prey for roaming dogs. According to a government conservation report, there's no official count of the tiny enigmatic deer. While the decline hasn't been seen on the mainland, local groups are calling for swift action to protect the species. Proposals include road signs, speed bumps, and even a new Pudu law to curb free-roaming dogs in rural areas.

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