During the height of the McCarthy era of the late 1940s, the so called "Red Scare" ended careers and for some, led to jail time. Elaine Quijano explores the impact on display in a new exhibit.

New York

A new exhibit at the New York Historical Society examines the legacy of the Hollywood blacklist, a period during which the House Un-American Activities Committee investigated alleged communist influence in the film industry. The exhibit highlights the experiences of the Hollywood Ten, a group of writers and directors who refused to answer the committee's questions, resulting in prison sentences and professional blacklisting.

The exhibit also features stories like that of Dalton Trumbo, who continued to write under pseudonyms after his imprisonment, and Hazel Scott, whose television career was derailed after being named in an anti-communist pamphlet. The blacklist's power diminished by the 1960s, and the House Un-American Activities Committee was eventually abolished. The exhibit raises ongoing questions about the protection of rights and freedoms, particularly freedom of speech, in a democracy.

Revisiting the legacy of Hollywood's Red Scare blacklist

Are you a member of the Communist Party? That was the central question in 1947, as the House Un-American Activities Committee investigated alleged communist influence in Hollywood. Meeting will come to order. Chaired by New Jersey Congressman John Barnell Thomas, the committee eventually led to a Hollywood blacklist, now the focus of an exhibit at the New York Historical Society. Louise Mirrer is president. The exhibit really tells the story of the Hollywood Ten, and the charge was for the Hollywood Ten that they were making movies that espoused the communist point of view. I stand away from the stand. The writers and directors known as the Hollywood Ten refused to answer the committee's questions. They were held in contempt of Congress, sentenced to six months to a year in prison, and were blacklisted by studio executives. Ann Lessie helped curate the exhibition. If you wanted to be a part of the film industry, you essentially forfeited your privacy and your right to your own political ideas and affiliations. Screenwriter Dalton Trumbo spent 10 months in prison. His daughter Mitzi was five then. Her drawings and letters to him are on display. ♪ The foggy day in London town ♪ The blacklist later expanded to include classically trained pianist Hazel Scott. She was the first black entertainer to have a nationally syndicated TV show, but it was canceled after she was named in an anti-communist pamphlet. Once out of prison, Dalton Trumbo used pseudonyms to write the Academy Award-winning films The Brave One and Room and Holiday. So it took about four decades for the Academy Awards to finally recognize Dalton Trumbo, and that that was seen as the beginning of the eroding of the committee's power. What are the lessons to be learned from the Hollywood blacklist? I think it raises important questions about how to protect a robust democracy. How do we protect our rights and freedoms, particularly freedom of speech? If you hold unpopular views, should you be punished? Should you lose your job? These are all questions we should be wrestling with. By the 1960s, as the so-called red scare faded, so too did the blacklist's power. And in 1975, the House Un-American Activities Committee was abolished. Elaine Quijano, CBS News, New York.

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