El presidente Donald Trump ha señalado que tiene la intención de desplegar la Guardia Nacional en otras ciudades de EE.UU. después de hacerlo en Los Ángeles a principios de este verano, y Washington, DC. Elie Honig, analista jurídico de CNN, explica los obstáculos legales a los que puede enfrentarse.

Washington

Donald Trump has previously deployed the National Guard in Washington D.C. and California, utilizing different legal authorities in each case. In Washington D.C., the president directly controls the National Guard, making deployment straightforward. In California, Trump invoked the Insurrection Act to deploy the Guard during protests, a move that was upheld by an appeals court despite legal challenges from the state governor.

However, deploying the National Guard in other states presents more significant legal challenges. In most states, the governor controls the National Guard except in certain emergency situations. Without clear emergencies such as protests or riots, it is uncertain whether high crime rates alone would justify federal intervention under the Insurrection Act. As a result, the legal environment for deploying the National Guard in other states is considerably more complex and restrictive.

¿Puede Trump desplegar la Guardia Nacional en otras ciudades?

Donald Trump ya ha desplegado la Guardia Nacional en Washington D.C. y California, y ahora quiere hacerlo en otros lugares. ¿Pero puede hacerlo? Va a ser mucho más difícil para él hacerlo en otros estados. En primer lugar, Washington D.C. es completamente único. Bajo las autoridades que me han sido conferidas como presidente de los Estados Unidos, Invoco oficialmente la sección 740 del Acta de Autonomía del Distrito de Columbia. En todos los demás estados, el gobernador controla la Guardia Nacional, excepto en situaciones de emergencia. Pero en Washington D.C., es el presidente quien controla la Guardia Nacional. No había ningún problema legal con Donald Trump desplegando la Guardia Nacional en D.C. Y en California, Donald Trump utilizó una vieja ley llamada Ley de Insurrección. Ahora, esta ley no se ha utilizado desde 1992. Lo que Donald Trump dijo es, en la cara de las protestas en curso por la gente en Los Ángeles contra la aplicación de inmigración ICE, tuvo que llamar a la Guardia Nacional con el fin de hacer cumplir la ley federal. Si no hubiera llamado a los militares, Los Angeles estaría ardiendo ahora mismo. Ahora, el gobernador Gavin Newsom demandó, pero finalmente el tribunal de apelaciones falló a favor de Donald Trump. Ahora, aquí es por qué va a ser más difícil en otros estados. En primer lugar, Trump no controla la Guardia Nacional en otros estados, a diferencia de DC. Y en segundo lugar, va a ser más difícil para Donald Trump señalar a algunos circunstancia de emergencia si no hay protestas o disturbios en curso. Trump podría tratar de argumentar que las tasas de criminalidad son altas o van en aumento, pero no está claro si eso va a ser suficiente para permitirle movilizar a la Guardia Nacional en virtud de la Insurrección Ley. Hasta ahora, Donald Trump ha sido capaz de utilizar la Guardia Nacional en DC y California, pero cuando llegue a los otros estados, va a encontrar que el entorno jurídico es mucho más difícil.

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