AccuWeather's Bernie Rayno breaks down the key ingredients needed for hurricanes to develop, including sea surface temperatures, vertical wind shear and mid-level moisture.

Hurricanes require a specific set of atmospheric and oceanic conditions to form. The primary ingredient is warm ocean water, typically at least 79 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit, which fuels the storm's development. In addition to warm water, limited wind shear—meaning light winds in the middle and upper atmosphere—and sufficient moisture are essential. If dry air enters the center of a developing hurricane, it disrupts the circulation and weakens the storm. Similarly, strong winds at different atmospheric levels can tilt the storm's structure and reduce its strength. When all these conditions align, hurricanes can form and intensify.

How do hurricanes form?

nothing is frightening and as strong as hurricanes. But to get hurricanes, you need ideal conditions. Everything has to be perfect to get this storm to form. And of course, I think a lot of us know what the number one ingredient is. It's warm water temperatures around 79, 80 degrees at least. But the warmer, the better. But here are the other two ingredients you must have. Limited wind shear, light winds aloft in the middle and upper part of the atmosphere, and also sufficient moisture. If you get dry air in the center of a hurricane, that really disrupts the circulation and the intensity. How does that happen? Well, hurricanes, when you're getting them to form, you get a lot of upward motion. And what do you get? Thunderstorms, which produce what? Latent heat. That puts a lot of heat into the atmosphere, which allows the pressure, the lower, and you get an upward motion. But when you have dry air that gets into the center of circulation, what does that tend to do? It is a cooling effect, right? Just like when you walk out of the shower, if the air is dry and those water droplets are on your skin, you cool your skin, right? That disrupts the circulation. And oftentimes, once dry air gets into a center of a tropical storm or a hurricane, it takes a long, long time to get that dry air out. Wind shear, you want the circulation from the surface through a large depth of the atmosphere to what we call vertically stack, right? But when you have strong winds, especially stronger in the upper part of the atmosphere than the lower part of the atmosphere, what happens? That circulation becomes tilted and that weakens the tropical system, right? But when you get all of the ingredients together, it's a scary sight.

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