The Bauhaus came to Dessau 100 years ago. No other German city has more buildings that commemorate the revolutionary art and design school.

Dessau

The Bauhaus building in Dessau, Germany, is recognized as a revolutionary site in the history of art, design, and architecture. Established as a school in 1925 by architect Walter Gropius, the Bauhaus movement sought to unite art and craft, producing over 300 buildings in Dessau and influencing the modernist movement globally. The site includes notable structures such as the master's houses, where artists like Paul Klee and Vasily Kandinsky lived, and even a restored Bauhaus kiosk. 

The Bauhaus legacy extends beyond architecture, reflecting a commitment to social engagement through projects like affordable housing and public infrastructure. Today, many Bauhaus buildings are UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and the Bauhaus Museum in Dessau showcases the movement’s innovative spirit and historical context. The movement’s principles continue to inspire contemporary design and urban planning.

Ahead of its time: 100 years of the Dessau Bauhaus

Behind me, this might look like a normal modern building. Nothing special. But this Bauhaus building in Dessau started a revolution that shaped the world. But what's Bauhaus? That was the name of an art, design and architecture school that was revolutionary at the time. This school built more than 300 buildings in Dessau. Since they mark the beginning of a new era and are of huge cultural importance, some of them are now UNESCO World Heritage Sites. In 1925, architect Walter Gropius designed the Bauhaus building as a school. I learn more from Werner Möller, who's been a researcher at the Bauhaus Dessau Foundation since 1991. It's a sign for a special period of the industrial age and it has something very special because it looks like a company building, like a factory, but in the end it was a school. Also the labeling, the name Bauhaus on it, is also part of our common life today. The idea was to bring together art and craft. Did you know that the Bauhaus presented everyday objects as if they were artworks? You see there the heating is placed in the middle of the wall and not down. It's an aesthetic aspect, like an art piece from Marcel Duchamp or something like that. The infrastructure is also visible as part of our modern age and modern movement. There's also a beauty inside of this element of the city. Close to the school building in Dessau, you'll also find the so-called master's houses, which represent the Bauhaus style. What's typical of the master building? On the one hand, it's a special settlement in this pine forest, a small forest part, especially also to have the masters, the old masters, near to the Bauhaus, but they have an own area like an artist colony. Did you know that famous artists like the painters Paul Klee and Vasily Kandinsky actually lived side by side in these houses? The master's houses, built in 1925 to 26, can still be visited today. What stands out to me is how much daylight comes in and how the different colors divide the living areas. Bauhaus director Walter Gopius himself designed these houses. One single house for him and semi-detached houses for the teachers at the Bauhaus. For example, the painter Paul Klee lived and worked here. You might be surprised to know that the Bauhaus buildings even include a refreshment stand right next to the master's houses. This little Bauhaus kiosk is actually a small miracle. In the 1970s in East Germany it was demolished, but now, as you can see, it's back again. You can grab a snack here while checking out Bauhaus sites. The Bauhaus buildings in Dessau are more than just icons of architectural history. They also represent the movement's commitment to social engagement, from Dessau's employment office to affordable housing projects. With these balcony access apartment blocks, the Bauhaus wanted to connect different social classes and give both lower middle class and working class people a decent home. It was revolutionary for that time. Bauhaus was about more than just architecture and you can check it out in the Bauhaus museum here in Dessau. The exhibition links the Bauhaus design ideas to the historical circumstances and shows many examples of how they broke with conventions. What would you say is left of the Bauhaus today? What's the Bauhaus legacy? If you look back to the first step in 1919, Germany was in a traumatic situation. They lost the war, they lost the monarchy. They started in a democratic system, brand new, and there the Bauhaus started with new education programs to bring new power in the situation and also looking for a new combination of industry age and daily life. We can learn a lot of things from that. One last tip from me. If you're in Dessau looking for a Bauhaus, head out to the Kornhaus on the edge of town. It's also a Bauhaus building, picturesquely located right on the river Elbe. To be honest, I'm not a big architecture fan, but Bauhaus has grown on me. No extra decoration, just practical and modern. I really like that. What about you? What do you think about Bauhaus?

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