AccuWeather's Bernie Rayno breaks down what happened that led to devastating flash flooding in Texas.

Texas

AccuWeather meteorologist Bernie Rayno has outlined the sequence of weather events that resulted in catastrophic flash flooding in central Texas. A persistent flow of moisture from Mexico into the southwestern United States led to near-record levels of precipitable water in the region, providing ample moisture for thunderstorms.

A key factor was a dip in the jet stream that split, creating a weak upper-level low. This system concentrated the available moisture into a small area, resulting in intense rainfall over a short period and causing severe flooding. The explanation clarifies how specific atmospheric patterns combined to produce the extreme weather event.

What drove the catastrophic flooding in Texas?

In our weather wise segment where we take something complicated in the field of meteorology and break it down, make it easy to understand, let's talk about the extreme rainfall that fell across central Texas during the July 3rd, July 4th time frame. Now prior to July 3rd and July 4th there was this persistent flow coming straight out of Mexico into the southwestern parts of the United States. Now in late June it was across New Mexico, by early in July it had pressed into parts of central and west Texas. In fact that flow was so persistent that we had near record precipital water totals in central and west Texas. Now what's precipital water? Well if you break down the definition, it's the amount of water vapor from the surface to a large depth of the atmosphere. So if you imagine that the atmosphere was let's say a towel and you wrung it out, the amount of water that came out of that towel, that's the precipital water. It tells you how much moisture is available for thunderstorms. There was a tremendous amount of moisture available, but I think this was the key coming up here. I think this is why we got, instead of drenching thunderstorms in spots, we had them concentrated. Why? Because there was a little dip in the jet stream moving across the southwest and in the southern plain states. As it moved northward it split, a little piece of energy split away from that dip in the jet stream, a weak upper level low, and it's that upper level low that concentrated all the moisture. Instead of it being in this area, it concentrated into a small area. And what happened? Extreme rainfall. That's worth the rain in just a couple of hours and that produced the catastrophic flooding. And now you know.

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