Though banned by law, studies show that nearly 70 percent of Ugandan students have been caned. Many cases go unreported, sometimes even encouraged by parents. How can that hidden circle of trauma be broken?

Kampala

Corporal punishment continues to be practiced in Ugandan schools, despite being prohibited by law. Cases such as Jeremiah, a four-year-old who lost half his hearing after being beaten by a teacher, and Emmanuel Chitimbo, who suffered a spinal injury after a prolonged beating, illustrate the severe consequences of this disciplinary method. Education experts warn that such violence damages children's self-esteem, fosters resentment, and can normalize abusive behavior.

Studies indicate that nearly 70 percent of Ugandan schools still use corporal punishment, with many incidents going unreported and some even encouraged by parents. Advocates caution that the trauma inflicted on children can perpetuate a cycle of violence across generations. Activists urge society to reject violent disciplinary practices to prevent further harm and loss of life among students.

How can caning in Ugandan schools be stopped?

This is Jeremiah. He is four years old. Last year, a teacher beat him so badly, the mother says he lost half his hearing. The doctor found signs of physical trauma, suggesting that he was likely beaten. On the sides of the head, a steep medical examination also revealed swellings, consistent with beatings. But the scars go beyond his ears. Jeremiah now fears everything about school. His mother has been forced to homeschool him. But even at home, Jeremiah fears making mistakes. Every time you mention school, he panics and fears he'll be beaten again, sometimes shouting that he's done with school. Jeremiah is not alone. Accused of stealing sugar, Emmanuel Chitimbo suffered a spinal injury after teachers beat him masslessly for more than two hours. He spent a year and a half in hospital, fighting to stay alive. I can't change myself, walk, stand. I was almost dead. Educationists insist that learning and violence should never mix. It damages the self-esteem of the child, and that's not a good thing. They will hate the subject. They will blame themselves, for example, if you're beating them for not passing a subject. They will hate the subject. They will hate you as the teacher. They will not say it, but they will hate you. They will feel embarrassed among their fellow students, and they will expect it. They will normalize it. In Uganda, corporal punishment in schools is banned by law. Yet studies show that nearly 70 percent of schools still use it as a form of discipline. Many cases go unreported, sometimes even encouraged by parents. Videos of children being beaten often circulate on social media. Advocates now warn of a deeper risk. Many of those children who have gone through trauma, corporal punishment, are traumatized. And even when they grow old, the only thing they'll know how to do is to inflict trauma on the next generation. So it is just passing on trauma from one generation to another generation. Though carrying lasting injuries, Jeremiah, like Emmanuel, is lucky to have survived. Some children have died. Activists warn that many more will suffer, or even die, if society does not abandon a violent mindset.

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