Canada's annual military exercises in the Arctic have grown in importance and urgency as climate change makes the Far North more attractive to powers like Russia and China.

Ottawa

Canadian military personnel are conducting training operations in the Arctic, deploying by helicopter to remote mountaintops to monitor increased vessel activity in the region. The rise in ship traffic, attributed to climate change and melting ice, has heightened concerns about environmental risks, such as oil spills, and the presence of foreign interests including China and Russia.

The Canadian Coast Guard, now part of the Department of National Defence, is practicing spill containment and working closely with the Navy to enhance surveillance and response. Authorities emphasize the importance of local communities in monitoring the region and highlight the unpredictable nature of Arctic ice, which complicates navigation and emergency response efforts.

Canadian Forces train to protect the Arctic

In Canada's far north, military helicopters are bound for a mountaintop. This area, so vast an oil tanker spotted below is just a blip on the horizon. It is just the latest in an ever-expanding list of ships up here as climate change opens up these waters. At the mountain peak, the Griffin helicopter lands gingerly and ejects a small team of soldiers. They will live on this land for days at a time watching out for the waterway below because there are adversaries of Canada, China and Russia in particular who are very interested in this region. There is certainly risk to these troops. Alone, isolated, exposed and in freezing temperatures. But their job is guarding against risks below. For instance, what if an oil tanker should sink or run aground? It's a disaster that Canada's Coast Guard here is practicing for. Pulling a protective boom which would contain a spill of any kind. What is the risk if you can't contain? Of course in the Arctic, there is minimal resources and infrastructure and so the impacts of a large spill or potential pollution and vent in the Arctic could be very significant. It also means that response time could be days at least. It's why ships are required to carry their own equipment and deploy it should they leak or spill contaminants. Question though is whether cargo vessels would actually do that. Especially in such a vast area where it may seem few are watching. On the bridge of HMCS William Hall, one of the Navy's newest vessels the crew must watch for ice even in summer. Went back with the tide. Sub-Lieutenant Eric Muir-Cressman says vessel traffic up here has exploded with climate change, warming waters and melting ice. But it's also made ice more unpredictable and with that comes risk. It's so random where the ice actually is converging and forming that those routes that used to be fairly consistent like you know you can get here through here this time of year they're jam-packed or one that you thought was you know closed is completely open. In all this comes just days after the Coast Guard long a part of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans has now been folded into the Department of National Defence. It means those on this Navy ship will be working with their Coast Guard counterparts an awful lot more. David what else is being planned on the water? Well the theme is Arctic sovereignty. It is essentially knowing who is in our backyard and that means having more soldiers, more sailors out on ships like these more often in the Arctic. It also means greater surveillance from the communities that have for centuries watched over these lands. This in here, Pond Inlet, Nunavut. Part of the Mtabatalik area as they know it, local. Ian. David Common, thanks.

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