En el próximo siglo, tres de cada cuatro comunidades costeras se enfrentarán a la amenaza de que el agua salada contamine el agua potable y de riego debido a la subida del nivel del mar, según la NASA. Ya está ocurriendo a lo largo de la bahía de Delaware, en la costa este.

Delaware Bay

Extreme weather events are occurring more frequently amid rising sea-levels and increasing temperatures.

Climate Crisis

NASA has reported that over the next century, rising sea levels could lead to saltwater contamination of drinking and irrigation water for up to three-quarters of coastal communities. This issue has already been observed along the Delaware Bay on the East Coast, where saltwater has begun to encroach on freshwater supplies. Such changes pose significant threats to agriculture and water consumption in the affected areas.

Farmers near Dover, Delaware, like Paul Cartanza Jr., are witnessing the impact firsthand as saltwater intrudes upon their fields, rendering the land unsuitable for traditional crops like corn. Options such as switching to salt-tolerant crops or converting lands back to marshes are considered, but these solutions come with economic and ecological trade-offs. Some farmers, however, are determined to continue cultivating their usual crops, demonstrating the complexities of adapting to these environmental changes.

Saltwater intrusion has broader ecological effects, including the creation of ghost forests where saltwater kills trees that cannot tolerate the increased salinity. Saltwater also poses threats to drinking water supplies, as seen when saltwater moved significantly up the Delaware Bay, endangering water intakes. The corrosion of infrastructure and potential water quality issues highlight the urgency for measures to prevent salt contamination. Scientists and conservationists emphasize the importance of addressing these challenges, given the concentration of the population in coastal areas and the wider implications for water resources.



El agua salada podría contaminar el agua potable durante el próximo siglo: NASA

Paul Cartanza Jr. es agricultor en las afueras de Dover, Delaware. Ha experimentado la contaminación por agua salada del agua dulce que utiliza en su maíz. Hay probablemente 12 o 16 hileras de maíz que utilizaríamos para plantar aquí cuando no teníamos la intrusión salina. ¿Así que habría sido inútil poner maíz aquí porque no lo lograría? Sí. David se une a nosotros ahora. Así que vi esta parte del documental donde los agricultores en realidad tienen que llegar a soluciones que podrían incluir el cambio de sus cultivos por completo. Imagino que es más fácil decirlo que hacerlo. Sí, y creo que muchos no quieren hacer algo así. Hay otros cultivos, como el switchgrass, que se pueden utilizar para crear tipos de combustible. Así que hay cultivos que crecerán en suelos semisalinos si quisieras hacer una transición. Paul, no quiere hacer eso. Va a seguir plantando su maíz. Ha hecho esa barrera que acabamos de ver. Creo que parece la solución más popular, si es que hay una solución popular, es devolver esa tierra a su estado natural. Tienes estos pantanos que están empujando hacia arriba en las tierras de cultivo, y una manera es simplemente decir, vamos a renunciar. Y hay programas de conservación que pagan a los propietarios de tierras y granjas para hacer eso porque hay muchos beneficios ecológicos en tener un buen pantano. Bueno, en el otro lado del beneficio están estos bosques fantasma. En realidad te propusiste encontrar uno. ¿Qué importancia tienen? Me fascinó esta idea similar a la intrusión de agua salada en los campos de los agricultores, también está entrometiéndose en los bosques. Y entonces miras a tu alrededor, y empiezas a ver que hay todos estos árboles muertos junto al pantano. El mar está subiendo. Está empujando el agua salada hacia la bahía, los ríos y la tierra. Y así el suelo se vuelve un poco salado. Tampoco me había dado cuenta de esto. El agua salada es que las cosas no crecen en agua salada. Simplemente mata casi todo con lo que entra en contacto. Y así está matando árboles, y eso es un verdadero signo revelador. Si estás en algún lugar y ves que estos árboles están muertos, eso es lo que los está matando. Un experto con el que hablaste habló de cómo la población del país vive en la costa, pero todos deberíamos preocuparnos por esto. ¿Por qué? Porque mucha gente vive en la costa. Incluso para gente que quizás no. Bueno, el agua potable es el mayor problema. El agua es lo mismo que está matando los árboles y acabando con los cultivos. Podría subir por el río hasta donde tomamos el agua dulce. Como en Filadelfia el año pasado, el agua salada empujó la Bahía de Delaware 20 millas río arriba. 20 millas. Sí, y se acercó más y más a la toma de agua. La toma de agua, no puedes poner sal ahí. Arruina todas las tuberías que hay ahí. Es corrosivo. Libera plomo. La gente no puede beber agua salada. Si esa agua salada llega a las tomas de agua dulce y no ha ocurrido así, eso es devastador. Así que se están centrando en cómo evitar que la sal suba por el río.

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