Name: Los drones Shahed de Irán están cambiando la guerra y la defensa aérea modernas
Uploaded: 2026-03-11T12:10:55.532Z
Duration: 1 min 4 s
Description: Los drones iraníes Shahed se han convertido en una de las armas más utilizadas en los conflictos modernos: baratos, sencillos y lanzados en grandes cantidades. Pero su éxito en campos de batalla desde Oriente Medio hasta Ucrania está empujando a países de todo el mundo a replantearse las defensas aéreas.

Los drones iraníes Shahed se han convertido en una de las armas más utilizadas en los conflictos modernos: baratos, sencillos y lanzados en grandes cantidades. Pero su éxito en campos de batalla desde Oriente Medio hasta Ucrania está empujando a países de todo el mundo a replantearse las defensas aéreas.

Tehran

Iran's Shahed-136 drone has become a prominent tool in modern warfare due to its low production cost, long range, and ability to carry significant payloads. The design has been widely adopted, with Russia using an enhanced version and the United States incorporating similar technology into its own systems.

Despite its relatively slow speed, the Shahed-136 has managed to bypass advanced air defenses and inflict damage. The recent mass production of a faster jet-powered variant, the Shahed-238, signals ongoing advancements in drone technology and its growing impact on global military operations.

Los drones Shahed de Irán están cambiando la guerra y la defensa aérea modernas

El uso de aviones no tripulados en la guerra se ha extendido espectacularmente, y pocos diseños tienen más éxito que el avión no tripulado de ataque unidireccional Shahed-136 de Irán. Es barato de fabricar, unos 30.000 dólares por cada dron, y puede transportar una ojiva de 50 kilos a más de 2.000 kilómetros. Rusia ha utilizado ampliamente el diseño, llamándolo Garand-2, con una ojiva de 80 kilos y equipado con un sistema ruso de navegación por satélite. Incluso Estados Unidos ha adoptado el diseño para su Sistema de Ataque de Combate de bajo coste y sin tripulación, o LUKAS, y varios mandos lo consideran indispensable. El Shahed-136 puede fabricarse rápidamente y en grandes cantidades, en fábricas relativamente sencillas, y pueden dispararse varios a la vez, abrumando las defensas. Tampoco necesita lanzadores complejos que puedan ser blanco de ataques aéreos. Sin embargo, es lento. A una velocidad máxima de 185 kilómetros por hora, los cazas e incluso los helicópteros pueden derribarlo. Aún así, muchos han logrado atravesar las defensas aéreas de EE.UU. y del Golfo para infligir daños significativos. Y ahora, una versión a reacción más rápida del avión no tripulado, el Shahed-238, ha entrado en producción en serie.

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