Chile's President says a new proposal to resolve a centuries-old conflict between the State and the indigenous Mapuche people is a "historic opportunity" to bring about peace in South-Central Chile.

Santiago

Chile's President Gabriel Boric has presented a new proposal to address the ongoing conflict between the Chilean state and the indigenous Mapuche people in south-central Chile. The plan, developed over two years, includes measures such as accelerated land distribution for Mapuches, compensation for victims of violence, and economic development programs for indigenous regions. The proposal also offers constitutional recognition for indigenous people and promises an indigenous consultation.

Reactions to the plan are mixed. Some Mapuche leaders see it as an improvement, while others argue it lacks provisions for autonomy and respect for international treaties. The initiative faces opposition from white landowners, who believe it goes too far, and from radical Mapuche groups, who dismiss it as insufficient. With less than a year left in Boric's term, the implementation of the plan will depend on the next administration.

Chile's President aims to end conflicts with Mapuche people

Members of an indigenous Mapuche confederation listen carefully as President Gabriel Boric delivers an address to the nation, detailing a new multi-partisan plan to bring about peace in restive south-central Chile. The area, which has been under a state of emergency for years, is home to thousands of Mapuches who are claiming ancestral lands. Local groups have been carrying out attacks and destroying property, in a deadly vicious circle of violence. In the Bio-Bio, Araucanía, Los Rios and Los Lagos regions, a very long and painful conflict between the Chilean state and the Mapuche people have been taking place, impacting millions with violence and underdevelopment. Boric said a new plan, which was two years in the making, contemplates, among other things, a new system and fresh funds for accelerated land distribution for Mapuches, compensation for victims of violence, and funds and programs to activate economic development in the indigenous regions, which are the poorest in the country. Many Mapuches applaud the proposal that at least gives constitutional recognition to Chile's indigenous people, and that would carry out an indigenous consultation in the short term. We think this is an improvement, but too many things are missing. For example, we say that we are part of a plurinational system. We have the right to autonomy, free determination of our people, and the respect for international treaties which are not mentioned here. At least 10% of Chileans are Mapuches, and while not all are demanding land, the majority feel they've been mistreated, exploited, and discriminated for centuries by Chileans of European descent. In the center of Santiago is the statue of Pedro de Valdivia, the Spanish conquistador who tried and failed to conquer the Mapuches 500 years ago. In fact, they captured and killed him, forcing the Spaniards to make a deal with the Mapuches that everything south of the Biobío River would belong to them. 200 years ago, when Chile became a republic, the deal was off, and the conflict between the Mapuches and Chile has lasted till this day. The new peace commission plan is rejected by many white landowners who say it goes too far, and by most radical Mapuches who dismiss it as hot air. But Borich called on Chileans to support it, saying it's the most ambitious proposal to date. I am convinced that it is a unique opportunity to reach peace and justice that will not be repeated. But with less than a year in office to go, it will fall on the next administration to implement most of the plan, or, as has happened in the past, to shelve it. Lucia Newman, Aljazeera, Santiago.

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