Name: Científicos estudian la relación entre la extracción de oro en la Amazonia y las discapacidades infantiles
Uploaded: 2025-11-01T10:00:40.380Z
Duration: 4 min 48 s
Description: Investigadores brasileños de salud pública han hallado en el Estado anfitrión de la cumbre climática de las Naciones Unidas COP30 cada vez más pruebas de que el envenenamiento por mercurio procedente de la extracción ilegal de oro ha causado problemas neurológicos y discapacidades generalizados en niños indígenas.

Investigadores brasileños de salud pública han hallado en el Estado anfitrión de la cumbre climática de las Naciones Unidas COP30 cada vez más pruebas de que el envenenamiento por mercurio procedente de la extracción ilegal de oro ha causado problemas neurológicos y discapacidades generalizados en niños indígenas.

Jacareacanga

Researchers are conducting a multi-year study in Brazil's Tapajós river region to examine the impact of mercury contamination from illegal gold mining on indigenous communities, particularly focusing on infant and child disabilities. Preliminary findings show elevated mercury levels among mothers and children, with neurological conditions observed in several young residents.

The Brazilian government has increased monitoring and public health initiatives in response, but mercury contamination remains a persistent threat due to its lasting presence in the environment. The issue is expected to be highlighted at the upcoming United Nations Climate Summit COP30 in Belém, as global leaders address threats to tropical rainforests and their inhabitants.

Científicos estudian la relación entre la extracción de oro en la Amazonia y las discapacidades infantiles

En esta comunidad indígena del río Tapajós, en Brasil, las mujeres dicen que temen quedarse embarazadas. Eso se debe a que están notando un aumento de las discapacidades, especialmente entre los jóvenes. Tras años de extracción ilegal de oro, los ríos que han han sido el sustento del pueblo Munduruku ahora llevan mercurio, amenazando la la salud de los nonatos. Marquinhos Sá vive en el pueblo de Saicinza. Quiero hacer la prueba del mercurio para ver si es mercurio o no, para saberlo. Aunque los científicos han advertido de los riesgos que el mercurio podría suponer para los indígenas niños de la Amazonia, ninguno ha establecido aún una relación causal con discapacidades en estas comunidades. Pero un innovador estudio plurianual sobre la de la contaminación por mercurio podría explicar pronto por qué niños de tres años de edad Hani Ketlin tienen trastornos que no se explican con pruebas genéticas. Los investigadores están recopilando datos sobre problemas neurológicos asociados con contaminación por mercurio, desde malformaciones cerebrales agudas hasta problemas de memoria. La Dra. Luniely da Cruz Caldeira es neuróloga pediátrica. Estamos consiguiendo realizar un estudio longitudinal evaluando tanto a mujeres embarazadas como a niños expuestos a la contaminación por mercurio. Se trata de un grupo de riesgo población, y hasta ahora no hemos conocido o identificado los posibles signos resultantes de esta exposición. Los datos preliminares del estudio indican que Hani es una de las 36 personas de la zona, en su mayoría niños, que comparten afecciones neurológicas similares. Su padre, Josielton Sá, ha trabajado como minero cerca de su pueblo durante años, siguiendo la los pasos de su padre, José Nildo. El mercurio se utiliza para unir diminutas motas de oro extraído de las riberas de los ríos. José Nildo dijo a Reuters que sabía que el mercurio era peligroso, pero como otras familias de esta comunidad, extraer unos 30 gramos de de oro a la semana les proporciona los ingresos suficientes para salir adelante. Mauricio Sá es un padre de familia de dos hijos. Estoy muy preocupado porque el agua está muy contaminada por la minería. También se ha encontrado mercurio en el surubí y otros pescados que son alimentos básicos para estas comunidades. Nos bañamos, también bebemos agua del agarapé. Todo esto es muy... Estoy muy preocupada por mis hijos. También pescamos en el río, y el agua está muy contaminada. Pero el jefe Zildamar Munduruku, que también es enfermero, dice que el problema es complicado. Si le dice a su pueblo que deje de comer el pescado, según a la orientación sanitaria, pasarán hambre. De acuerdo con la investigación que se hizo, la primera entrada aquí, el resultado vino muy alto. Con el resultado de mercurio aquí, debido a nuestra dieta, nuestros alimentos, peces carnívoros, sabemos que hay mercurio en el cuerpo de los animales, los peces. El mercurio puede acumularse en la placenta y la leche materna de las mujeres embarazadas. A 2021 estudio del Instituto de Salud Pública Fiocruz descubrió que 10 de 15 madres analizadas en tres aldeas de Munduruku tenían niveles elevados de mercurio. Como parte del nuevo estudio, el equipo de Fiocruz ha estado siguiendo a 176 mujeres embarazadas y madres para analizar bebés durante sus primeros años de vida. Los investigadores han descubierto hasta ahora que, en las mujeres tenían niveles de mercurio cinco veces superiores a los brasileños. Ministerio de Salud considera seguro, y sus bebés tenían tres veces ese nivel. Diplomáticos y líderes mundiales se reunirán en noviembre en la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Medio Ambiente y el Desarrollo. Naciones Unidas sobre el Clima COP30 en Belém, ciudad situada en la desembocadura del río Amazonas. Los organizadores la llaman la COP de los Bosques, con la esperanza de que centrar la atención mundial en amenazas como la minería ilegal en los bosques tropicales. y sus habitantes. El presidente brasileño Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva ha expulsado a miles de mineros de tierras indígenas desde que regresó a a su cargo en 2023. El Ministerio de Salud de Brasil dijo en un comunicado que el gobierno ha intensificado la vigilancia de los niveles de mercurio en el territorio de Munduruku, formado a funcionarios de salud pública para identificar los primeros signos de mercurio. e invirtió en fuentes de agua potable para comunidades remotas. Pero la mercurio que queda no puede descomponerse fácilmente al circular por el aire, el agua y el suelo, alimentando una crisis sanitaria duradera.

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