A new study found that young children diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD, are often prescribed medication too quickly. Elaine Quijano reports.

Stanford

A recent study led by Stanford Medicine reviewed the health records of nearly 10,000 children under five diagnosed with ADHD. The findings show that almost 70 percent of these children were prescribed medication, most commonly stimulants like Ritalin, and about 40 percent received prescriptions within 30 days of diagnosis. 

Clinical guidelines recommend starting treatment for young children with behavioral interventions, as these carry the lowest risk of harm. Experts suggest that limited access to behavioral therapies may be contributing to the early and frequent use of medication. The study also noted that the majority of diagnosed children were boys. Researchers plan to further investigate the reasons behind the rapid prescription of ADHD medications.

ADHD meds often prescribed to young children too soon, study finds

This study, led by Stanford Medicine, examined the health records of nearly 10,000 children under the age of five who were diagnosed with ADHD. ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, is a disorder characterized by difficulty paying attention or what we call hyperactivity, which is sort of like kids who have a hard time sitting still. They have a lot of energy. Jamie Howard of the Child Mind Institute specializes in treating anxiety and mood disorders in children. She was not involved in the study. What do clinical guidelines recommend for treating ADHD in young children? We like to start out with behavioral interventions. We always want to start with the lowest possible harm. The Stanford study found nearly 70 percent of those children who were diagnosed were prescribed medications, most often stimulants, such as Ritalin, which can help children focus their attention and regulate their emotions. And the turn to medication came quickly. About four in 10 were prescribed drugs within 30 days of diagnosis. I think that people have an association with ADHD and stimulant medication, but there's actually a lot more than that, and we want to give kids the opportunity to use these other strategies first. And then if they need medication, it can be incredibly helpful for a lot of kids. The vast majority of the young children diagnosed with ADHD, 77 percent, were boys. If you're a parent and your child has been diagnosed with ADHD, what are the questions you should be asking? What specifically might my child need in order to thrive, even with this condition? I think, Elaine, what struck me most is the psychologist you talked to said the preferred first step is behavioral treatment. I think every parent watching right now is wondering, why is medication being prescribed so quickly? Yeah, so that is the very question that the lead author of the study said they're going to be examining next. That wasn't the focus of this particular study, but he said that based in part on conversations they've had with pediatricians, that they likely suspect it to be a question of access to those behavioral treatments. He said that pediatricians' families might not always know where to go to learn more about those kinds of options, and so children get prescribed these medications very early.

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